Belgian Prime Minister Bart De Wever said at the opening of the EU summit in Brussels, "Not even during World War II did any country confiscate or freeze the assets of another country. If we take 'Putin's money,' he will definitely take ours."
De Wever emphasized, "I hope the risks can be shared because it involves significant risks. So if we want to take such measures, we must act together. If the EU is unwilling to share responsibility, he will do everything possible at the European, national, political and legal levels to prevent the decision to use frozen Russian assets."
The remarks made by Belgian Prime Minister De Wever at the EU summit sound direct, but they hide many real concerns. It's not that he is against anyone, but he truly fears that Europe might cause a big disaster out of impulse.
Let's first think about the example he gave from World War II. This isn't just an excuse. At that time, the world was in chaos, and even enemy countries didn't dare to confiscate frozen assets. Why? Because everyone understood a principle: a country's assets are protected by sovereign immunity. Once this rule is broken, there would be no trust in the international community.
Now, the EU wants to use frozen Russian assets to lend money to Ukraine. This is not just a simple "use" of the assets. In short, it's using the name of "loans" to take the principal of others. This is almost as bad as confiscation. Once this rule is broken, who would dare to put their money in European banks anymore?
Other countries would also be worried. Today, Russia's assets can be frozen, so tomorrow, could mine be frozen? Would the foundation of European finance not be shaken?
再说说他担心的报复,这更不是瞎猜,普京从来不是光说不做的人。
西方从2022年就开始冻结俄罗斯资产,前后差不多冻了3000亿美元,欧盟手里就攥着2000亿欧元,这里面90%都在比利时的欧洲清算银行里,你说比利时能不慌吗?
俄罗斯早就放话了,敢动资产就报复,而且人家已经动手了,之前就冻结了摩根大通在俄罗斯的4.4亿美元资产,现在俄罗斯境内管控的西方资产加起来得有1500亿美元。
你想啊,欧洲企业在俄罗斯有多少投资?能源、汽车、金融这些行业,要是俄罗斯真下狠手全冻了,这些企业得赔多少钱?
最后还不是欧洲自己的老百姓受影响,企业倒闭、工人失业,物价说不定还得涨,这连锁反应谁扛得住?
德韦弗要欧盟共同担风险,这话太实在了,因为现在这事儿几乎是把比利时架在火上烤。
欧盟委员会倒是提了个“风险共担”机制,说真出事儿大家一起扛,但这话说得太虚了,法律上根本站不住脚,到时候真被俄罗斯告上国际法庭,要赔钱了,那些支持动资产的国家能真的掏腰包吗?悬得很。
匈牙利总理欧尔班都直接说了,绝不碰别人的钱,这就说明欧盟内部本来就不是一条心。
德国、法国表面上支持,说不定心里打着自己的小算盘,想让援助乌克兰的钱流回自己国家的军工企业,捞点好处,真要担风险了,指不定跑得比谁都快。
比利时可不想当这个冤大头,自己手里攥着大部分资产,最后风险自己扛,这换谁都得反对。
还有个关键问题,这事儿根本不合法,国际法里明明白白写着主权资产不能没收,欧盟非要玩文字游戏,说是“贷款”,可这钱是俄罗斯的,乌克兰要等俄罗斯赔偿了才还,说白了就是提前把人家的钱用了,这就是钻空子,法律上站不住脚。
真闹到国际仲裁,欧盟十有八九得输,到时候不仅要把钱还回去,可能还得赔违约金,这笔账算下来,比援助乌克兰的钱还多,图啥呢?欧洲央行行长拉加德都担心,这么干会砸了欧元的招牌,以后谁还把欧元当储备货币?
资本是最聪明的,一旦觉得欧洲不安全,肯定会往外跑,到时候欧洲的金融体系就得动荡,这可不是小事,关乎每个人的钱袋子。
更长远的是,这事儿会把国际规则彻底搅乱,以前大家都觉得把外汇储备存在欧美银行安全,现在欧盟带头破规矩,其他国家肯定得慌。
你看金砖国家都开始搞本币结算了,印度和俄罗斯做生意用人民币的比例都到45%了,这就是对欧美金融体系失去信任的表现。
要是以后大家都不玩这套了,欧洲的金融地位就得一落千丈,以后想再吸引外资、做国际贸易都难了。
德韦弗看透了这一点,他知道现在不是逞能的时候,动资产看似能帮乌克兰一把,实则是打开了潘多拉魔盒,以后的麻烦没完没了。
所以德韦弗说要竭尽全力阻止,真不是小题大做,他是在给欧盟踩刹车。这事儿就像俩人选打架,一方先动手抢了对方的钱,还觉得对方不敢还手,这不是傻吗?普京的性格大家都知道,肯定会对等报复,最后两边都受伤,没一个赢家。
而且风险不能让一个国家扛,欧盟既然是个整体,真要做决定就得一起担责,不能让比利时一个国家替所有人买单。
现在欧盟峰会没达成一致,说明不少国家也看出了风险,德韦弗的反对其实是帮欧洲避了个大坑,要是真脑子一热动了资产,以后哭都没地方哭去。
原文:www.toutiao.com/article/1846956017270860/
声明:该文仅代表作者本人观点