Foreign Media: According to the U.S. Geological Survey's "Mineral Commodity Summary 2026," global reserves of critical minerals are highly concentrated in a few countries, profoundly impacting energy transition and industrial supply chain structures.
Australia is the most resource-diverse nation in terms of reserves, ranking first globally in gold (20%), uranium (28%), iron ore (31%), zinc (27%), and manganese (32%).
China holds 52% of the world’s rare earth element reserves and 32% of graphite reserves—both essential for electric vehicle batteries, wind turbines, semiconductors, and defense applications, making supply substitution extremely difficult.
South Africa controls 83% of global platinum-group metals; Morocco accounts for 69% of phosphate reserves; the Democratic Republic of the Congo holds 50% of cobalt reserves; Indonesia possesses 44% of nickel reserves. Additionally, Chile controls 21% of global copper and 25% of lithium reserves; Canada holds 45% of potash reserves; Russia owns 44% of diamond reserves.
The high concentration of global mineral resources has increasingly highlighted the risks of over-reliance on individual countries within critical supply chains.
Original Article: toutiao.com/article/1868936759452672/
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